Research Report Page
Put the Title Here & Above

© year, Put The Author Here

If you are an Internet traveler, skip this article entirely - it is not meant for you. This article is for those who have not yet learned to drive/browse the electronic highway. We will examine the vehicle for travel (the browser) and vocabulary for browsing/traveling through cyberspace.

Don't indent the paragraph, as shown here and above.

      Indent the paragraph, as shown here and below.

      No seatbelt needed. Internet travel is much easier than interstate travel. Assume for now that you have a vehicle for cybertravel and that it is on your computer screen ready and waiting for you to learn to travel. Popular browsers include Netscape Navigator®, Internet Explorer®, and the AOL® browser built into the home screen. Many personal computers, PCs, have browser programs in the software that is included when the computer is purchased.

      O.K. Look at your browser's control panel, your computer screen, the illustration above. Some of it looks like other computer software screens you have used before. Some of it does not. For now, just examine the screen to notice what is the same and what is new. Can you name guess/recognize a use just by looking at the control on the screen? The next figure will introduce some of the vocabulary we will use. Also examine that figure before continuing.

Ready? If you know where you want to go just type the URL on the address line, press ENTER on the computer keyboard, and wait while the site is found and loaded. That's it. Too fast? O.K. Let's do an instant replay in slow motion with explanation.

The top third of the screen is part of the browser control panel. The bottom line of the screen is part of the browser control panel, and the right column of the screen is part of the browser control panel.

The top line is from left to right: the ICON which identifies this program from others you may have, the TITLE of the program or in this case the web page, the STORE-RESIZE-EXIT keys found on most software. If you wish to control the entire program, in this case the browser, you use this line to adjust the size, store, and close or exit the program or browser.

The second line controls all the browser's features and stores these features through a set of pull-down menus, like on a graphing calculator. Through the FILE menu, one may save, open, and close very much like a word processing package. Through EDIT, one may copy and paste or adjust the appearance of the screen much as one does on a word processing package or drawing program. HELP includes a data base of all features and actions. [If you wish to access these menus without the mouse, hold down the alternate key on the computer keyboard, ALT, and press the letter underlined in the menu name. ALT + F gives access to the File Menu, etc.]

Second Part

The next line has the quick and easy access part of the control panel. This line is for fast control of the browser. This line contains three things:

a. buttons or hot spots for quick jumps or links,

b. a STOP button, the browser break pedal, and

c. the ADDRESS LINE where you can type the desired destination, a URL, Uniform Resource Locator.

The concept of button for jumping or linking is one that has a parallel in word processing programs. The words HOME, Page Up, Page Down, and End are keys on a computer keyboard. When a user of a word processing application or program is writing or editing the text on the screen and chooses to press one of these keys, the curser jumps or moves to that location on the screen even if this jump causes a completely different area of the document to be displayed. The word processor completed a jump. The key on the key board controlled the jump.

You may have noticed that many words in this article are underlined. These are the printed page version of internet or browser jumps. On the printed pages the underlined word is a signal to the reader that there is more information at the end of the article. The reader may continue to read the article or jump to the reference at the end of the article to read or examine it. With a browser, if the mouse is placed on top of a hot spot (often an underlined word) a jump is possible.

If a hot spot is activated by the placement of the mouse, the following sequence occurs. First: the underlined word may turn a different color or become highlighted so it appears different from the text surrounding it and the mouse pointer may change to a pointing finger. Second: if the mouse continues to remain on the highlighted hot spot, a very brief message may appear on the screen telling the user what the control does or where the jump takes the user. Third: If the mouse pointer remains on the hot spot, a right click of the mouse or a left click of the mouse will produce different actions.

The most frequent action is to left click, press the left side, the mouse while it is on the hot spot. This causes the browser to jump to the new location, to change what it displays. The browser is told by code written by the author of the page the address or URL of this location. The location may be on the same page or on another internet page stored on the same computer or on a page stored on a computer in another part of the world or even on a page that was once stored but is no longer stored. A right click, click with the right side of the mouse, will produce an menu of options the user might wish to activate.

Now that a jump or link has been explained we are ready to address (no pun intended) another part of the third line on our browser control panel "c. the ADDRESS LINE where you can type a URL, Uniform Resource Locator." Some background first. The Internet is a collection of files stored on computers. The browser, through the connected computer/modem/phone lines/servers/routers, goes to the location of a file named by the URL, uniform resource locator, and displays or does what the file at that location tells it to do. The LAST and NEXT hot spots on the third line of the browser control panel take the user to the last linked page and, if the user has flipped back and forth between a few pages, the next linked page.

There are two more parts to the browser control panel - the scroll bar or right vertical column and the bottom line of the screen. The scroll bar and its three moving pieces facilitates movement through the page displayed on the browser. The tiny arrow at the top makes the page scroll up. The arrow at the bottom makes the page scroll down. The one in the middle is for speedy movement within the page. The status line and timer on the bottom line report on the browser's current work.

To travel through cyberspace do one of these things:

• type a previously known URL on the address line of the browser, hit enter on the key board. These might be listed in a professional newsletter, printed on an advertisement in a magazine or billboard, announced on a tv commercial, or received by US mail from a friend.
• on the browser-provided Email you receive, go to a hot spot which is a URL written on the Email message and left click on the mouse.
• on the current web page, go to a hot spot which jumps to another web page and left click on with the mouse. Often hot spots are listed in a table or column on the left side of a web page.
• use the SEARCH button on the browser or your favorite engine to try find the desired item, To narrow a search for math dictionaries, for example, use "math dictionary" with quotes to group these two words as one.
• go to the FAVORITES Menu on the browser control panel and select from that a location or URL which the browser manufacturer has already listed,

Happy browsing.

Glossary

      n. = noun, v. = verb

 

address

- n. URL

address line

- n. a location on the browser which accepts the URL or typed name of a location or address.

browse

- v. to use a browser to move through cyberspace and visit sites on the Internet or to reposition and display a file stored on the computer.

browser

- n. the program or application which orchestrates or produces the above movement

button

- n. a dot or small picture which marks a hot spot

icon

- n. a picture used as a symbol for a program or control

home, home page

- n. a predetermined web page which the user may designate but which is set by default to the page desired by the browser manufacturer. When the browser is started or opened for use, the browser displays the home page.

hot spot

- n. a word or words (often underlined or in a color different from the rest of the text) or picture or button which:

a. is sensitive (on placement) to the mouse and/or becomes highlighted, lists its use;

b. is the start (on click) of a jump or link to another location, file, URL;

c. is the control (on click) to perform an action, such as open a new window or screen

HTML

- n. Hypertext Markup Language, the language or code which comprises much of the file stored at a site which produces a web page when a browser visits the site or interprets the file.

http

- n. hypertext transfer protocol as opposed to another protocol or behavior such as ftp, file transfer protocol

Internet

- n. a network of users, servers, computers, files connected electronically.

jump, link

- v. to cause a link to be activated, the browser moves from one location to another location

load

- v. to store the necessary code and files on the user's computer from the server's computer and cyberspace so that the entire page may be displayed. Files on Windows '95® are temporarily stored in the "c:\windows\temporary internet" files subdirectories or folders.

search

- v. to seek, using a specific kind of web page and language, an item described by the user and entered into the browser and search engine by typing it with the keyboard.

search engine

- n. a web page and program designed to find a topic or item the user seeks.

server

- n. ISP, Internet Service Provider, a registered company with a computer that connects a user to the Internet, stores web page and other files, processes E-mail, provides technical support to the user or client.

status line

- n. a note to the user listing exactly what the browser is doing or what is taking so long to do. The browser might be contacting a site or loading a page or loading the images associated with the page. Sometimes the action "times out" or takes too long to keep the the browser "happy" so the browser stops doing that action and reports that it has stopped using a "timed out" message.

site

- n. a named location which contains any or all of the following: HTML code to display a page, a sound clips, a graphic image, etc.

stop

- v. to stop; n. the breaks on the browser. On click, it stops the action that is being performed and is listed by the timer and display on the bottom line of the browser.

timer

- n. a graphic representation of how long the browser estimates its current task will take and how much of the task it has completed.

URL

- n. Uniform Resource Locator, the name, really the location or address at which a web page or image file, etc. is stored. Uniform Resourse Locator translated as the standardized address or location for an item or resource.

MATHEMATICAL CONCEPTS, inc.     85 First Street, Keyport, NJ 07735-1503                                     callus@mathnstuff.com     (732) 739-3951     http://www.mathnstuff.com/papers/webstuf/rept.htm © 00-3-25